DIY - ESTIMATE THE COST OF YOUR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOLUTION WITH SOLAR INVERTER AND BATTERIES IN EASY STEPS

For a renewable energy of Solar Inverter and Battery mix, my research revealed the current cost is N250 per WattHour. Otherwise N250,000 per kWH

So, when you need a backup of 1kW for 18hours, it implies, we need a backup battery time of 18kWH.

Cost by rule of thumb from my research indicates that the Total cost will be around N250,000 x 18kWH = N4.5M for ensuring long battery life.

For standard basic battery life, it is 25% less cost with fewer batteries.

When solar panels are not required because generator is available as alternative to public power, take away 30% which is the cost of the solar panels, wirings and protection

You can therefore take a shot at knowing what your renewable energy package will cost.

- check the wattage rating on the side of the appliances and multiply by how many of such are to be powered.
- multiply the sum by the number of hours you intend to use the appliances
- the value is xw x yhours...that is what we called the watthour.
- do the same for other appliances you intend to support from the renewable energy Solution.
Add all the sums together that is for example
1. 5nos 10W led light bulbs for 10hours is
                    5nos  x 10watt  x 10hours
                            = 500watthour
2.2nos 32inch Tv 50watt x 10hours
                             = 1000watthour

Total for the loads identified above is 1500watthour.

The cost of the solar inverter system with batteries will be N250 per watthour x 1500watthour = N375,000.00

Solar content in the mix is 30%
And the minimum investment will be 25% less but it is not advisable on the batteries. For batteries to last their designed numbers of cycles, they must not be discharged below 70% of their backup storage capacity.

If one can however afford to stretch the investment, lithium batteries are advised as they have no limit to their discharge and that does not impact the lifecycle. Lithium will make up for extra cost with lifecycles upto 10years as against 2-3years cycle for Lead acid range except the flooded battery types.

As against N250 per watthour with Lead acid batteries use N350 per watthour for lithium batteries.

Cost Benefits of Solar Inverter and Battery System Over Diesel Or Petrol Genset

Why Go Solar Inverter System- Hiworks

This is a rough idea for battery and panel size for a Solar, Inverter and Batteries need.

If your last payment on public power is 15,000.00 for the month, and they charge you N22.50 per KWH. It means you have used 666.67KWH for the month in view.

You may compare few months and take an average.

Let us say your average for 6months is 800KWH, We could guess that with a culture of usage, you are doing 26.7KWH Per Day.

Without Iron, Pump, water heater, AC, this could mean you are on the 2kva Genset category OVERNIGHT. To run that 26.7KWH, it will take you 12hours at 1litre of petro an hour. Cost being  for 12litres of Petrol being about N2000 per day and about N62,000 monthly or over  N800,000.00 yearly with maintenance cost against public power at about N240,000.00 yearly and N1,200,000 on batteries for 2years.

This KWH Value is a very important information for deciding the make up of your Backup system.

Apparently, it is believed that basic home need on solar inverter system is 30KWH.

This will give you 15points of lights, 4points of fans, 2points of TV, 1point of Refrigerator, 4points of laptop, allows you ironing and water heating for 30mins each per day and pumping water for 1hr per day but the last 3 in the daytime only and around mid day.

The system being proposed here is hybrid, with Solar being the energy being used to support, ironing, water heating and pump.

When you buy the right panels, they will serve for over 20years efficiently and they are becoming more inexpensive.

40nos of 300W panels can be acquired for around N4M and that will deliver over 10KW at peak.

That could mean free energy for refrigeration,AC, ironing, laundry, water management, water heating for storage, and cooking. All these can be happening while the batteries are backing up for Essential night loads.

Once your freezer and fridge have enough solar energy daily at daytime, they can be on public power over night till the following day.

That way Batteries are devoted to Lights, TV, laptops, and fans overnight. That will keep a four batteries arrangement at the best condition of use and depth of discharge at 70%.

4nos 200Ah batteries cost an average of N6ú00,000.00

There are other cost apart from those mentioned.

With all the cost factored in in these model, Budget shall be between N4.5M-N5M.

However, the content can be scaled down to N1M or less. Which ever plan is used, the cost benefits will be better than running a petrol or diesel gen for the same no of hours.

The only cheaper option now is public power and mainly because of the economics of scale.

We also carried our an audit for a client recently, who was trying to see if he could consider This solution.

The prospect stays in an estate that provides 24hours power supply. Public Power and 500KVA Genset being central to all the dwellers.

The client was on 90KWH per day, 3 times bigger than what was analyzed earlier. The estate having factored in other cost will obviously run a higher KWH than public offer at N22.5 per KWH.

Let's assume the Estate KWH is N50. It implies my client pays around N139,500 monthly.

A mansion of such load would have been on 15kva gen backup.This gen will consume at half capacity 3 litres of diesel every hour. At 12 hours daily for a year that is N2.6M. That will acquire 40panels that will be almost maintenance free for 20years.

However, note that the client enjoys Air-Conditioning overnight on the Estate plan. But on inverter and battery backup every 1hp AC for 12hours will require a minimum of 4nos 200AH Batteries and for efficient condition 8nos batteries. Almost a million naira to run 1no Ac for 2years. That is N600,000 on batteries for every AC Per year. For a mansion, that could be 2million dedicated to support only ACS.

This client will have to spend 6million on batteries every 2years to enjoy the same benefit the estate provides for Less than 1.8M yearly.

The economics of scale of centralizing the public power and genset made this estate energy cost highly efficient. Battery backup is not advisable for this client.

However, for an Estate or Individuals, where load does not favour battery backup, a Grid-Tie Solar Inverter will be recommendable, which are battery-less. Grid-Tie will cut down on energy cost for the period Solar Harvest is available, which is about 6 hours daily.

[2/22/2019, 14:24] Odusina Adewale Hiworks:

Need to be clear, What the benefits are in exploring Renewable energy.

Need to be clear,  What the benefits are in exploring Renewable energy.
From Engr. Odusina Adewale Hiworks
To simply assume your green energy system will have economic value will be wrong.
However, the benefit of green energy is not only economical; the need to reduce carbon emissions is equally critical knowing that every green energy deployment contribute into the zero carbon emission campaign.

I must mention that any effort at all by anyone to use alternative energy solution with zero carbon emission must be lauded.

However,  when the business model is such that economic gains is a critical factor,  then,  the approach is a different kettle of fish.

We have had cases, where by our review of expectations, We have had to advised client to forget any economic benefit as all they could get would be
CSR Equity as the benefit could only be a social promotional campaign credit for green energy deployment.

For a country like Nigeria, where public power is still rearly available, petrol and diesel generators are the reliable alternative.
Most companies and individuals run 2400 operational hours yearly and over 50% of this time on generator support.

The 50% implies 1200hours daytime and 1200hours nighttime.

This in naira value will be N360,000.00 yearly on 750W genset implying cost of running petrol. N1,250,000.00 for 10kva diesel gen. N3M for 30kva, N10M for 100Kva, N20M for 200kva, N35M for 300kva, N51M for 500kva. All cases for 2400 operational hours and at N250 per litre. (Kindly use current diesel rate in your neighborhood)

For economic benefit of renewable energy, the deployment must be benchmarked against the savings on diesel consumption.

The particular case I want to focus on is where the load profile hugely substantial and from 10kva minimum and require that gensets are deployed day and night.

To completely replace 10kva gender,  one will require an investment in renewable worth N15M,  with 50% of the investment fixed for 30years and the other 50% reoccurring lithium battery cost every 10years dependent on quality of maintenance and exposure to unfavourable environmental elements. Anything from 5years will make battery cheaper than diesel. A ten Years plan could see a savings of 5years in diesel cost. This is of course after the implementation cost, had been zeroed over 12-15years.

The minimum green energy capacity for economic benefit will be 25% of gensize. For grid tie solar system where there are no batteries, hence no reoccurring expenses, the savings on diesel from 5-8years will pay for the renewable energy system.

This article can not cover the various load profiles, their respective possible solutions, economic benefit, and payback time.

Lithium batteries

Renewable Energy and Technology

Wind turbines, solar panels, home battery storage - if it's discussion about renewable energy you're after, you'll find it here.

    Community Renewable Energy and Technology Lifespan of Lithium Ion Solar Batteries

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Richard
Richard
Drop in
Lifespan of Lithium Ion Solar Batteries
‎23-03-2017 03:43 PM

One aspect of solar battery storage that appears to be under-reported and not transparent in most solar storage providers’ literature is just how long will Lithium ion batteries last before they need to be replaced.

There are a few abbreviations you will come across in some of the material included in this post:

Calendar life: How long the battery will last, influenced mainly by state of charge and operating temperature.

Cycle life: The number of charge/discharge cycles a battery can undergo before it is no longer usable.

DoD: Depth of discharge, meaning how far the battery has been discharged from full charge.

SOC: State of charge, meaning how much charge the battery currently holds.

SOH: State of health, meaning how much usable capacity the battery has left over time.

EOL: End of life, the point at which the battery is no longer usable.

Ah: Amp hours, meaning a measure of total energy; for example, drawing 10 amps current for 2 hours is 20 Ah.

Watt: A watt is a measure of power. For example, to draw 1 amp from a 12 volt battery is 12 watts of power.

kW: A kilowatt is a thousand watts.

kWh: A kilowatt hour is a measure of energy. For example, 1 amp from a 12 volt battery for 100 hours is 1.2 kWh.

Let me start by quoting 7 reasons for using Li ion batteries instead of lead acid batteries, as quoted in http://www.relionbattery.com/blog/7-facts-and-figures-comparing-lithium-ion-vs.-lead-acid-batteries

Lead, which is the heaviest non-radioactive metal, has been the standard in batteries for decades. Why should you consider a lithium battery conversion? Here are seven features explaining the disparity between lead acid and lithium-ion batteries.

1)   Weight: Lithium-ion batteries are one-third the weight of lead acid batteries.

2)   Efficiency: Lithium-ion batteries are nearly 100% efficient in both charge and discharge, allowing for the same amp hours both in and out. Lead acid batteries’ inefficiency leads to a loss of 15 amps while charging and rapid discharging drops voltage quickly and reduces the batteries’ capacity.

“I disagree to some extent with Item 2 above in that Li-ion batteries have about 95% efficiency. That is, if you draw 100Ah from the battery, you will need to put in about 105 Ah to recharge it.”

3)   Discharge: Lithium-ion batteries are discharged 100% versus less than 80% for lead acid. Most lead acid batteries do not recommend more than 50% depth of discharge.

4)   Cycle Life: Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries cycle 5000 times or more compared to just 400-500 cycles in lead acid. Cycle life is greatly affected by higher levels of discharge in lead acid, versus only slightly affected in lithium-ion batteries.

5)   Voltage: Lithium-ion batteries maintain their voltage throughout the entire discharge cycle. This allows for greater and longer-lasting efficiency of electrical components. Lead acid voltage drops consistently throughout the discharge cycle.

6)   Cost: Despite the higher upfront cost of lithium-ion batteries, the true cost of ownership is far less than lead acid when considering life span and performance.

7)   Environmental Impact: Lithium-ion batteries are a much cleaner technology and are safer for the environment. 

Though they are used to power the same applications, that is where the similarity between lithium-ion and lead acid batteries ends. Lithium batteries deliver higher-quality performance in a safer, longer-lasting package.

The following link indicates the characteristics of the Sunverge batteries being employed in the AGL VPP.

https://aglsolar.com.au/solar-battery-storage/

If you examine the “Market Comparison” data for the Sunverge 11.6 kWh battery you will see it has a capacity of 11.6 kWh and a usable energy of 9.9 kWh. This means they are designed to have a DoD of 9.9 / 11.6 or 85%. It also states a warranty period of 10 years. I would expect that the original design concept was for the batteries to be discharged once a day, meaning 3,650 cycles over the ten year warranty period. This in itself suggests to me that a cycle life of about 5,000 cycles would be a reasonable estimate, and that the design would allow for the full 85% drawdown each day. If this is correct, then using off-peak or controlled load to charge the batteries at night, as well as during the day, would lead to a much shorter cycle life. The option of controlled load grid charging may well be appealing to those who have a heavy night time and breakfast load.

Cycle life is dependent upon a number of variables; mainly depth of discharge and temperature, but also rate of charge and discharge, under or over-charging etc.

The following very important link will show you very clearly just what effect depth of discharge (DoD) and temperature will have on your batteries. It is very important, in my opinion, to locate your batteries in as cool a place as possible.

http://www.google.com.au/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&ved=0ahUKEwiT2Z3Rn-nSAhWCX5QKHTtcA...

The following advertisement is definitely worth reading, if perhaps for no other reason than to suggest that the Sunverge batteries may be well chosen for the VPP, given this manufacturer is proud to claim a total of 2,500 cycles.

http://www.deepcyclesystems.com.au/pv-series-solar-storage/

The following link to a supposedly high quality German battery manufacturer claims 5,000 cycles for 80% DoD. At least they make clear what the specifications are, something lacking in most material.

http://www.offgridenergy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/BMZ-ESS7.0-English-2016.pdf

I have requested a graph of DoD vs cycles from Sunverge, but they told me to ask AGL. This I have done and will post the graph should it appear. It has to be born in mind that life cycles are very dependent on DoD and temperature, as you will have seen from the third link above to saft batteries.

The following link is very informative and descriptive, and well worth reading.

http://batterytestcentre.com.au/project/lithium-ion/

The following four links are also well worth reading if you have come this far. There is an abundance of material on the web, but it appears educating people about the real facts of solar battery storage is something you have to do yourself.

http://www.batterypoweronline.com/main/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Lead-acid-white-paper.pdf

http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/batteries_for_medical_consumer_hobbyist

https://www.solarchoice.net.au/blog/solar-choice-battery-storage-product-lifespan-comparison-tool

http://www.mpoweruk.com/solar_power.htm

1 REPLY
limydoo
Community Manager limydoo
Community Manager
Re: Lifespan of Lithium Ion Solar Batteries
‎24-03-2017 12:08 PM

Hi @Richard, I just wanted to pop in to this thread and thank you so much for sharing this informative and insightful post with the community! This is brilliant, and with the rapid uptake of Lithium batteries in homes I'm sure this will serve as a great source of information for prospective battery customers to conduct some additional research.

I'd wager @BWSS would have some thoughts on this..

Before posting, make sure you are familiar with our community guidelines.

And be sure to give a like when you see a helpful post from a user!
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How To Get The Size Of Inverter Batteries

How To Get The Size Of Inverter Batteries

From Odusina Adewale Hiworks

If an inverter is needed to support certain load when public power or generator fails,  batteries are needed to store electrical energy for such period. 

The size of such inverter can be calculated by simply adding all the power capacities of the appliances together and multiplying that by a factor of simultaneity which anticipates that not all the connected appliances will be in use at at times;  at some points, some light will be switched off, some TVs will be turned off,  your refrigerator, air-conditioning systems will automatically go on ad off to regulate temperature,

Batteries as some of us have observed are rated in AH implying AMP HOUR.  AMP is current capacity and hour implies time.
Hence a 100AH Battery will automatically run 100A current for 1hour. It also means it could run 50A for 2hours and will run 10A for 10A.  You will observe all the various deployments still equals 100AH.

To now get your required battery capacity,  practically,  you need to profile how you use individual appliances.

Say,  TV rated100W (locate info at the back or on the side of your appliances) is used for 10hours = 100x10WH, and your 10nos light points rated 20W are used for 5hours = 10x20x5 WH and your 5nos standing fans rated 50W each are used for 10hours =5x50x10 WH.

Total WATTHOUR = 1000+1000+2500WH =4500WH

NOTE THAT BATTERIES ARE RATED IN AH

Now you need to know the profile of your inverter.  Inverter is not a generator.  Inverter simply converts Direct Current Supply to Alternating Current Supply just like Transformer converts High Tensions to Low Voltage.

Different inverters have various Dc voltage they work with;  12, 24,48,92,120, 192Volts etc

Inverter also have rated power capacity. For the above example,  we shall assume simultaneity to be 60%. This implies I need inverter size that can support all the above mentioned load TV-100+LIGHTS-200+FANS-250 =550W x 60% = 330W.

Recommended inverter size shall be 500W.  you however need to read the input voltage value for the plate attached to the inverter.

By dividing the input voltage V input by the total WattHour being 4500WH,  you will have your AH value.

Hence for V =12V, AH is 4500/12 = 375AH
For V =24V, AH is 4500/24= 188AH
For  V =48V, AH is 4500/48 = 94AH

it also implies, that as V increases, more batteries will be added.

Most common inverter battery is the 200AH 12V Batteries. Let me spare you other classifications.

It then implies that 2 batteries shall be required irrespective of which inverter profile is used.

Note that the higher the input voltage the smaller the AH.

For further enquiry whatsapp or call Wale on +2348037871708. You can also email hiworksprocurement@gmail.com or hwsl2014@gmail. com

Total Solar Irradiance Measurement

http://www.efficientenergysaving.co.uk/solar-irradiance-calculator.html

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Solar Irradiance Calculator

This solar irradiance calculator shows you how much power you get from the sun at your location on an average day for every month of the year.

Solar irradiance is a measure of the suns power. Irradiance levels vary considerably at different times of the year, depending on the seasons, the weather and the time of day.

Our Irradiance calculator provides monthly figures showing the average kWh per square metre per day of energy that the sun provides.

How to use the Solar Irradiance Calculator

Select your country from the list

If you have selected the United States or Canada, please select your state or province/territory.

Select the town or city nearest where you live.

The solar irradiance calculator will then show monthly figures showing the suns energy as an average kWh per square meters per day, for your location.

How you can use the solar irradiance calculator information

The information from the solar irradiance calculator can be used to calculate the amount of power you can get from different forms of solar energy systems:

To calculate the amount of solar energy you will get from a photovoltaic solar panel for an average day in any given month, for example, multiply the stated wattage of the solar panel by 75% (to account for inefficiencies in the power generation and capture) and then multiply it by the kWh/day figure for the month in question.

stated wattage of panel x 75% x monthly insolation figure = average daily power

Irradiance Calculator Example: if you have an 80 watt solar power, and your monthly insolation figure is 4.0, you multiply 80 watts by 75% to give you 60 watts and then multiply this by 4.0 to equate to 240 W/h/day of solar energy.

To calculate the increase in water temperature you will get from a solar hot water collector for an average day in any given month, multiply the size of the panel in cubic metres by the efficiency of the panel (typically 40-50% for a home made panel, 60-75% for a commercial panel), multiply this by the kWh/day figure for the month in question and then multiply this by 860 divided by the total number of litres of water you are planning to heat.

size of panel in m² x panel efficiency % xmonthly insolation figure x ( 860 ÷ number of litres of water ) = increased water temperature °C.

Irradiance Calculator Example: If you have a two cubic metre solar water heater that is 75% efficient and your monthly insolation figure is 4.0, your solar hot water system is producing 6kW/h/day of hot water. If you are heating up 200 litres of water, you can increase the temperature of the water by 25.8°C above the ambient water temperature.

Solar calculators

This calculator has been provide by The Solar Electricity Handbook. The website also includes other tools, including a free angle calculator and project analysis. If you are planning a project these are great tools and will assist you with the full planning process.

Return from Solar Irradiance Calculator to Solar Power Page

Solar Electricity Handbook

A simple, practical guide to using electric solar panels and designing and installing photovoltaic PV systems.

The Solar Electricity Handbook assumes no previous knowledge of solar power systems, it explains how panels work, how they can be used and explains the steps you need to take to successfully design and install a electric photovoltaic system from scratch.

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No Better Time than now,To Explore Solar Inverter Solution

Energy cost just doubled in view of the substantial increase in the cost of fuel and we cannot continue to pay lips service to energy resourcefulness.

Hiworks with the support of local and foreign partners are offering renewable energy solutions to prospective customers.

 We have developed various solutions as follows:

1.      Basic inverter system which can be a backup for public power failure periods. In this systems, custormers will require an average of 5-8hours public power or Generator power time to charge the batter(ies), which eventually run the load content as allowed for. The more batteries you have, the more backup is provided.

2.      Solar-inverter system provides battery charging support in the daytime. The charged battery eventually provides power, when daylight is poor and at sundown. The more batteries you have, the more solar panels will be needed and the more backup is provided.

3.      Solar Hybrid System is such that you have multiple options for charging batteries, the solar panels, public power and generator.

 

4.      Off –grid Solar Hybrid System in which case public power is not available.

5.      Off –grid Solar Inverter system where only solar is available for charging batteries.

6.      Solar streetlights which could be a combination Led lights, solar panel and battery or Solar Streetlight with Integral Solar panel and battery.

7.      Wind turbines support system

Solar Hybrid system provides an alternative energy access that could be far cheaper than generally presumed.

8.      Solar Water Heater that huge reduces energy use in heating water daily to 10percent  or less.

9.    Solar Air conditioner as alternative to electric and with huge savings on energy.

For residential homes, 1000VA which is 1hp or 0.75W worth of solar hybrid power system will provide power support to 2nos 100w Led Tv, 4nos 50w standing fans, 10nos 9W Led lamps.

For a small office, 1000VA which is 1hp or 0.75W worth of solar hybrid power system will provide power support to 4nos 50w Laptops, a 90W A3 printer, 4nos 50w standing fans, 10nos 9W Led lamps.

The power system will have a  minimum of  6 Nos. 12v 150W Solar panels,  a 80A SOLAR  charge controller, 3nos 200AH ,battery,  1.0kva inverter and various accessories.

With a good maintenance plan and 50% max depth of discharge, batteries shall be due for replacement from the third or fourth year of deployment. This is about N180, 000.00 every 36months being less than N6000 monthly.

Total cost for 12hours backup time of the basic 1kva inverter battery Power System being N650, 000.00 with a fixed cost of N350, 000.00 and Consumable cost of N300, 000.00 for batteries at today’s price and exchange rate.

Total cost for 12hours backup time of the 1kva Solar Hybrid Power System being N1, 150,000.00 with a fixed cost of N850, 000.00 and Consumable cost of N300, 000.00 for batteries at today’s price and exchange rate.

 

 Other 12hours backup offers as follows:

1.5kva Inverter System – N750,000.001.5kva solar hybrid Inverter System – N1,250,000.002.0kva Inverter System – N850,000.002.0kva solar hybrid Inverter System – N1,750,000.002.5kva Inverter System – N1,150,000.002.5kva solar hybrid Inverter System – N2,250,000.003.0kva Inverter System – N1,500,000.003.0kva solar hybrid Inverter System – N2,500,000.005.0kva Inverter System – N3,500,000.005.0kva solar hybrid Inverter System – N5,500,000.00

At least until our refineries work and public power becomes available, energy cost will keep sky rocketing and budgeting for it, will be more difficult. 

We have attached 2 tables analyzing petrol and diesel consumption to aid your decision making and the exploration of the renewable energy options.

ODUSINA, ADEWALE F

Engineering Services

Hiworks Services Ltd.

2, Alfa Sanni Street,

Pedro, Shomolu,

Lagos.

Tel. : +2347042900201,+2348025357926,+2348037871708

Email:hwsl2014@gmail.com,adewaleodusina@gmail.com

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ODUSINA, ADEWALE F

Engineering Services

Hiworks Services Ltd.

2, Alfa Sanni Street,

Pedro, Shomolu,

Lagos.

Tel. : +2347042900201,+2348025357926,+2348037871708

Email:hwsl2014@gmail.com,adewaleodusina@gmail.com

WE MUST BE READY, WILLING & ABLE TO EXPOSE OUR REPUTATION OF STRONG BUSINESS ETHICS TO A GREAT RISK IF WE MUST BUILD A GREAT BUSINESS.

VISIT OUR LINKEDIN PAGES FOR OUR PUBLICATIONS BY CLICKING BELOW:

https://www.linkedin.com/today/author/23740981

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